Abstract
This study applies the TOE (Technology, Organization, and Environment) framework to analyze the factors influencing the digital transformation of academic libraries in Vietnam. Based on 425 valid survey responses collected from 27 universities, the research examines the three core dimensions of the TOE model, while also assessing the predictive role of Leadership capability and the control effects of university type, size, and location. A quantitative approach was employed using a Likert scale, combined with statistical analyses such as Cronbach’s Alpha, EFA, CFA, and SEM to ensure reliability and generalizability of the model. The findings indicate that Technology and Environment exert significant positive effects on library digital transformation, whereas the Organization shows no statistically significant impact. Notably, Leadership capability emerges as a key moderating factor, amplifying the effects of Technology and Environment on digital transformation outcomes. Accordingly, the study recommends that universities prioritize investments in technological infrastructure, strengthen supportive policies, and enhance leadership capacity to ensure sustainable and effective digital transformation. Nevertheless, the study acknowledges its limitations due to the concentration of survey respondents in Hanoi and the cross-sectional nature of the data.
Keywords: digital transformation, factors influencing, library, TOE model, leadership competency.
JEL classification: I2, I23.
DOI: 10.63767/TCKT.35.2025.154.162
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Ban biên tập Tạp chí Kinh tế & Quản trị Kinh doanh
Phòng 514, Nhà điều hành, trường Đại học Kinh tế & Quản trị Kinh doanh
Địa chỉ: Phường Tân Thịnh, thành phố Thái Nguyên
Email: tapchikt-qtkd@tueba.edu.vn; Điện thoại: 0208.3903373
